All-cause mortality attributable to sitting time and physical inactivity in chilean adults.

BACKGROUND: Evidence on all-cause mortality attributable to joint sitting time and physical inactivity is lacking. In this study, we estimated the proportion and number of deaths attributable to sitting time and physical inactivity in Chilean adults. METHODS: A sample of 5834 adults aged 20-96 years from a 2016-2017 Chilean National Health Survey was included to describe the prevalence of 16 joint categories of sitting time and physical activity. Relative risks for the joint association of sitting time and physical inactivity were obtained from a meta-analysis of individual participant data. We retrieved the number of deaths in adults ≥ 20 years in 2019 from the Chilean Ministry of Health. RESULTS: Participants with high sitting time (> 8 h/day) and low physical activity (< 2.5 MET-hour/week) were more likely to be women, 20-64 years, non-indigenous ethnicity, lived in the urban areas, had middle education level and monthly household income, and had public health insurance. Reducing sitting time and increasing physical activity to a theoretical minimum risk exposure level could prevent up to 11,470 deaths or 10.4% of all deaths. Increasing physical activity to >35.5 MET-hour/week and maintaining sitting time could prevent approximately 10,477 deaths or 9.5% of all deaths. Reducing sitting time to < 4 h/day and maintaining physical activity would not reduce the number of deaths (-3.4% or 38 deaths). CONCLUSION: Reducing sitting time may be ancillary for preventing mortality. Therefore, increasing physical activity should be the primary focus of interventions and policies in Chile.

Flexibility of Brazilian children and adolescents: a systematic review of the literature / Flexibilidade de crianças e adolescentes brasileiros: uma revisão sistemática da literatura

abstract Flexibility is related to specific tissue properties of the body, which aim to determine the maximum range of motion of the joints without injury. This study aimed to identify and summarize the evidence on prevalence of adequate levels of flexibility in Brazilian children and adolescents (6 to 19 years old). We performed a systematic search of studies published from 2009 to 2019 in six databases (MEDLINE/PubMed; Scopus; SportDiscus; LILACS; Web of Science; SCIELO). Fourteen studies that compiled data from 11,666 participants in seven different Brazilian states were included. All studies conducted sit and reach tests to assess flexibility. Among all the children and adolescents in the analyzed studies, 58.9% of the total (62.0% of boys and 50.9% of girls) had adequate flexibility. We conclude that more than half of Brazilian children and adolescents have adequate flexibility for health.

resumo A flexibilidade está relacionada com propriedades específicas teciduais que permitem a amplitude máxima de movimento articular sem a presença de lesão. O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar e sintetizar as evidências sobre a prevalência de níveis adequados de flexibilidade em crianças e adolescentes brasileiros (6 a 19 anos). Foi realizada uma busca sistematizada de estudos publicados de 2009 a 2019 em seis bases de dados (MEDLINE/PubMed; Scopus; SportDiscus; LILACS; Web of Science; SCIELO). Foram incluídos 14 estudos que compilaram dados de 11.666 participantes em sete estados brasileiros diferentes. Todos os estudos realizaram teste de sentar e alcançar para avaliar a flexibilidade. Dentre todas as crianças e adolescentes dos estudos analisados, 58,9% do total (62,0% dos meninos e 50,9% das meninas) apresentaram flexibilidade adequada. Concluímos que mais da metade das crianças e adolescentes brasileiros possuem flexibilidade adequada para a saúde.